![]() The organization's efforts to record Soviet oppression and commemorate its victims were seen as a key symbol of Russia's move toward democracy, and the country's first democratically elected president, Boris Yeltsin, was a member. As one of Russia's first human rights organizations, it established an archive of records on the mass executions and imprisonments in Soviet gulag camps under Joseph Stalin. Memorial was founded in 1987 by leading Soviet dissidents, including the Nobel prize-winning scientist Andrey Sakharov. MOSCOW - In what has been described as a watershed moment for President Vladimir Putin's crackdown on dissent, Russia's Supreme Court on Tuesday ordered the closure of Memorial International, the country's oldest human rights organization and the main chronicler of mass crimes committed under the Soviet Union. ![]()
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